Novel polylactide/triticale straw biocomposites: Processing, formulation, and properties
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article aims to the development of polylactide (PLA)/triticale straw biocomposites with focus on the relationship between triticale straw content, additive presence, processing, and final properties. Prior to melt compounding, the triticale straw used in this study was chopped using the paper process to produce triticale particles that were further pelletized to assure a consistent feed rate into the extrusion line. PLA/triticale straw biocomposites were obtained for different triticale contents from 10 up to 40%vol, without and with maleic anhydride grafted polylactide (PLA‐ g ‐MA) as a coupling agent. As a supplementary additive, a PLA‐specific branching agent was used in some selected formulations to minimize the reduction in PLA's molecular weight. The biocomposites were characterized in terms of rheology, thermal properties, morphology, mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact), and recyclability. The PLA‐ g ‐MA increased the tensile strength of biocomposites by 10%, whereas boosted the tensile modulus about 2.5 times at 40%vol triticale content. For the same formulation, the flexural strength was raised by 15% and flexural modulus was doubled. However, a combination of PLA‐ g ‐MA and branching agent proved to be the best approach to enhance PLA/triticale straw mechanical properties. When 20%vol of triticale was used as reinforcement, the presence of branching agent increased the flexural strength about 25%. The results demonstrate that the triticale straw processed in this way could offer a similar reinforcement capability as the cellulosic fibers based on the agricultural and forestry resources and can be easily recycled without losing its mechanical properties. It has a good potential in the biocomposites field with promising applications in construction, common goods, and transportation industries. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:446–458, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it