← Back to cohort
Methods and results of a search for gravitational waves associated with gamma-ray bursts using the GEO 600, LIGO, and Virgo detectors
J. Aasi, B. P. Abbott, R. Abbott, T. D. Abbott, M. R. Abernathy, F. Acernese, K. Ackley, C. Adams, T. Adams, P. Addesso, R. X. Adhikari, C. Affeldt, M. Agathos, N. Aggarwal, O. D. Aguiar, P. Ajith, A. Alemic, B. Allen, A. Allocca, D. Amariutei, M. Andersen, R. A. Anderson, S. B. Anderson, W. G. Anderson, K. Arai, M. Araya, C. C. Arceneaux, J. S. Areeda, S. Ast, S. M. Aston, P. Astone, P. Aufmuth, H. Augustus, C. Aulbert, B. E. Aylott, S. Babak, P. T. Baker, G. Ballardin, S. W. Ballmer, J. C. Barayoga, M. Barbet, B. C. Barish, D. Barker, F. Barone, B. Barr, L. Barsotti, M. Barsuglia, M. A. Barton, I. Bartos, R. Bassiri, A. Basti, J. C. Batch, J. Bauchrowitz, Thomas Bauer, C. Baune, V. Bavigadda, B. Behnke, M. Bejger, M. G. Beker, Krzysztof Belczyński, A. S. Bell, C. Bell, G. Bergmann, D. Bersanetti, A. Bertolini, J. Betzwieser, I. A. Bilenko, G. Billingsley, J. Birch, S. Biscans, M. Bitossi, C. Biwer, M. A. Bizouard, E. Black, J. K. Blackburn, Lindy Blackburn, D. G. Blair, S. Bloemen, O. Bock, T. P. Bodiya, M. Boër, G. Bogaert, C. Bogan, C. Bond, F. Bondu, L. Bonelli, R. Bonnand, R. Bork, M. Born, V. Boschi, S. Bose, L. Bosi, C. Bradaschia, P. R. Brady, V. B. Braginsky, M. Branchesi, J. E. Brau, T. Briant, D. O. Bridges, A. Brillet, M. Brinkmann, V. Brisson, A. F. Brooks, D. Brown, Frank Brückner, Saps Buchman, A. Buikema, T. Bulik, H. J. Bulten, A. Buonanno, R. Burman, D. Buskulic, C. Buy, L. Cadonati, G. Cagnoli, J. Cain, J. Calderón Bustillo, E. Calloni, J. B. Camp, P. Campsie, K. C. Cannon, B. Canuel, J. Cao, C. D. Capano, F. Carbognani, L. Carbone, S. Caride, Giuseppe Castaldi, S. Caudill, M. Cavaglià, F. Cavalier, R. Cavalieri, C. Celerier, G. Cella, C. Cepeda, E. Cesarini, R. Chakraborty, T. Chalermsongsak, S. J. Chamberlin, S. Chao, P. Charlton, E. Chassande‐Mottin, X. Chen, Yu‐Hung Chen, A. Chincarini, A. Chiummo, H. S. Cho, M. Cho, J. H. Chow, N. Christensen, Q. Chu, M. Cieślar, S. Chung, G. Ciani, F. Clara, Daniel E. Clark, J. A. Clark, J. H. Clayton, F. Cleva, E. Coccia, P.‐F. Cohadon, A. Colla, Christophe Collette, M. Colombini, L. Cominsky, M. Constancio, A. Conte, D. Cook, T. R. Corbitt, Neil J. Cornish, A. Corsi, C. A. Costa, M. W. Coughlin, J.-P. Coulon, S. T. Countryman, P. Couvares, D. M. Coward, M. J. Cowart, D. C. Coyne, R. Coyne, K. Craig, J. D. E. Creighton, R. P. Croce, S. G. Crowder, A. Cumming, L. Cunningham, E. Cuoco, Curt Cutler, K. Dahl, T. Dal Canton, M. Damjanic, S. L. Danilishin, S. D’Antonio, K. Danzmann, V. Dattilo, H. Daveloza, M. Davier, G. S. Davies, E. J. Daw, R. Day, T. Dayanga, D. DeBra, G. Debreczeni, J. Degallaix, S. Deléglise, T. Denker, T. Dent, H. Dereli, V. Dergachev, R. De Rosa, R. T. DeRosa, R. DeSalvo, S. Dhurandhar, M. C. Díaz, J. Dickson, L. Di Fiore, A. Di Lieto, I. Di Palma, A. Di Virgilio, V. Dolique, E. Dominguez, F. Donovan, K. L. Dooley, S. Doravari, R. Douglas, T. P. Downes, M. Drago, R. W. P. Drever, J. C. Driggers, Zhihui Du, S. E. Dwyer, T. Eberle, T. Edo, M. C. Edwards, A. Effler, H.-B. Eggenstein, P. Ehrens, J. Eichholz, S. S. Eikenberry, G. Endrőczi, R. C. Essick, T. Etzel, M. Evans, T. M. Evans, M. Factourovich, V. Fafone, S. Fairhurst, X. Fan, Q. Fang, S. Farinon, B. Farr, Will M. Farr, M. Favata, D. Fazi, H. Fehrmann, M. M. Fejer, D. Feldbaum, F. Feroz, I. Ferrante, E. C. Ferreira, F. Ferrini, F. Fidecaro, L. S. Finn, I. Fiori, R. P. Fisher, R. Flaminio, N. Fotopoulos, J.-D. Fournier, Sebastián Franco, S. Frasca, F. Frasconi, M. Frede, Z. Frei, A. Freise, R. Frey, T. T. Fricke, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, P. Fulda, M. Fyffe, J. R. Gair, L. Gammaitoni, S. G. Gaonkar, F. Garufi, N. Gehrels, G. Gemme, B. Gendre, E. Genin, A. Gennai, S. Ghosh, J. A. Giaime, K. D. Giardina, A. Giazotto, C. Gill, J. Gleason, E. Goetz, L. Gondán, G. González, Neil Gordon, M. L. Gorodetsky, S. E. Gossan, S. Goßler, R. Gouaty, Christian Gräf, P. B. Graff, M. Granata, A. Grant, S. Gras, C. Gray, R. J. S. Greenhalgh, A. M. Gretarsson, P. Groot, H. Grote, K. Grover, S. Grünewald, G. M. Guidi, C. Guido, K. Gushwa, E. K. Gustafson, R. Gustafson, J. Ha, E. D. Hall, W. O. Hamilton, D. Hammer, G. Hammond, M. M. Hanke, J. Hanks, C. Hanna, M. D. Hannam, J. Hanson, K. Haris, J. Harms, I. W. Harry, E. D. Harstad, M. J. Hart, M. T. Hartman, C.‐J. Haster, K. Haughian, A. Heidmann, M. C. Heintze, H. Heitmann, P. Hello, M. Hendry, I. S. Heng, A. W. Heptonstall, M. Heurs, M. Hewitson, S. Hild, D. Hoak, K. A. Hodge, D. Hofman, K. Holt, P. Hopkins, Travis Horrom, D. Hoske, David J. Hosken, J. Hough, E. J. Howell, Yi-Ming Hu, E. A. Huerta, B. Hughey, S. Husa, S. H. Huttner, M. Huynh, T. Huynh–Dinh, A. Idrisy, D. R. Ingram, R. Inta, G. Islas, T. Isogai, A. Ivanov, B. R. Iyer, K. Izumi, M. Jacobson, H. Jang, P. Jaranowski, Y. Ji, F. Jiménez-Forteza, W. W. Johnson, D. I. Jones, Gareth Jones, R. Jones, R. J. G. Jonker, L. Ju, P. Kalmus, V. Kalogera, S. Kandhasamy, G. Kang, J. B. Kanner, J. Karlen, M. Kasprzack, E. Katsavounidis, W. Katzman, H. Kaufer, S. Kaufer, T. Kaur, K. Kawabe, F. Kawazoe, F. Kéfélian, G. M. Keiser, D. Keitel, D. B. Kelley, W. Kells, D. G. Keppel, A. Khalaidovski, F. Y. Khalili, Е. А. Хазанов, C. Kim, K. Kim, N. G. Kim, Nakwoo Kim, S. Kim, Y.‐M. Kim, E. J. King, Peter King, D. L. Kinzel, J. S. Kissel, S. Klimenko, J. Kline, S. M. Koehlenbeck, K. Kokeyama, V. Kondrashov, S. Koranda, W. Z. Korth, I. Kowalska, D. B. Kozak, V. Kringel, B. Krishnan, A. Królak, A. Kumar, D. Nanda Kumar, P. Kumar, S. Kumar, L. Kuo, A. Kutynia, Ping Koy Lam, M. Landry, B. Lantz, Shane L. Larson, P. D. Lasky, C. Lazzaro, P. Leaci, S. Leavey, E. O. Lebigot, Chang‐Hwan Lee, H. K. Lee, Hyung Mok Lee, J. Lee, P. J. Lee, M. Leonardi, J. R. Leong, A. Le Roux, N. Leroy, N. Letendre, Y. Levin, B. M. Levine, J. B. Lewis, T. G. F. Li, Kenneth G. Libbrecht, A. Libson, A. C. Lin, T. B. Littenberg, N. A. Lockerbie, Veronica Lockett-Ruiz, D. Lodhia, K. M. Loew, J. Logue, A. L. Lombardi, Ericson López, M. Lorenzini, V. Loriette, M. Lormand, G. Losurdo, J. D. Lough, M. J. Lubinski, H. Lück, A. P. Lundgren, Y. Ma, E. Macdonald, T. MacDonald, B. Machenschalk, M. MacInnis, D. M. Macleod, F. Magaña‐Sandoval, R. M. Magee, M. Mageswaran, C. Maglione, K. Mailand, E. Majorana, I. Maksimovic, V. Malvezzi, N. Man, G. M. Manca, Ilya Mandel, V. Mandic, V. Mangano, N. M. Mangini, G. L. Mansell, M. Mantovani, F. Marchesoni, F. Marion, Szabolcs Márka, Z. Márka, A. S. Markosyan, E. Maros, J. Marque, F. Martelli, I. W. Martin, R. M. Martin, L. Martinelli, Д. В. Мартынов, J. N. Marx, K. Mason, A. Masserot, T. J. Massinger, F. Matichard, L. Matone, N. Mavalvala, G. May, N. Mazumder, G. Mazzolo, R. McCarthy, D. E. McClelland, S. C. McGuire, G. McIntyre, J. McIver, K. McLin, D. Meacher, G. D. Meadors, M. Mehmet, J. Meidam, M. Meinders, A. Melatos, G. Mendell, R. A. Mercer, S. Meshkov, C. Messenger, A. Meyer, M. S. Meyer, P. M. Meyers, F. Mezzani, H. Miao, C. Michel, Е. Е. Михайлов, L. Milano, J. Miller, Y. Minenkov, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, C. Mishra, S. Mitra, O. Miyakawa, G. Mitselmakher, R. Mittleman, B. Moe, A. Moggi, M. Mohan, S. R. P. Mohapatra, D. Moraru, G. Moreno, N. Morgado, S. R. Morriss, K. Mossavi, B. Mours, C. M. Mow–Lowry, C. Mueller, G. Mueller, S. Mukherjee, A. Mullavey, J. Münch, D. Murphy, P. G. Murray, A. Mytidis, M. F. Nagy, I. Nardecchia, L. Naticchioni, R. K. Nayak, V. Necula, G. Nelemans, I. Neri, M. Néri, G. Newton, T. Nguyen, A. B. Nielsen, S. Nissanke, A. Nitz, F. Nocera, D. Nolting, M. E. N. Normandin, L. K. Nuttall, E. Ochsner, J. O’Dell, E. Oelker, J. J. Oh, S. H. Oh, F. Ohme, S. Omar, P. Oppermann, Richard J. Oram, B. O’Reilly, W. Ortega, R. O’Shaughnessy, C. Osthelder, D. J. Ottaway, R. S. Ottens, H. Overmier, B. J. Owen, A. Pai, O. Palashov, C. Palomba, H. Pan, Y. Pan, C. Pankow, F. Paoletti, M. A. Papa, H. Paris, A. Pasqualetti, R. Passaquieti, D. Passuello, P. Patel, M. Pedraza, A. Pele, A. Perreca, M. Phelps, M. Pichot, M. Pickenpack, F. Piergiovanni, V. Pierro, L. Pinard, I. M. Pinto, M. Pitkin, J. Poeld, R. Poggiani, A. K. Poteomkin, J. Powell, J. Prasad, V. Predoi, S. S. Premachandra, T. Prestegard, Larry R. Price, M. Prijatelj, S. Privitera, G. A. Prodi, L. Prokhorov, O. Puncken, M. Punturo, P. Puppo, M. Pürrer, J. Qin, V. Quetschke, E. A. Quintero, R. Quitzow-James, F. J. Raab, D. S. Rabeling, István Rácz, H. Radkins, P. Raffai, S. Raja, G Rajalakshmi, M. Rakhmanov, C. Ramet, K. Ramirez, P. Rapagnani, V. Raymond, M. Razzano, V. Re, Sarah Recchia, C. M. Reed, T. Regimbau, S. Reid, D. H. Reitze, Oscar Reula, E. Rhoades, R. Riesen, K. Riles, N. A. Robertson, F. Robinet, A. Rocchi, S. B. Roddy, S. Rogstad, L. Rolland, J. G. Rollins, R. Romano, G. Romanov, J. H. Romie, D. Rosińska, S. Rowan, A. Rüdiger, P. Ruggi, K. Ryan, F. Salemi, L. Sammut, V. Sandberg, J. R. Sanders, S. Sankar, V. Sannibale, I. Santiago-Prieto, E. Saracco, B. Sassolas, B. S. Sathyaprakash, P. R. Saulson, R. L. Savage, Jacob Scheuer, R. Schilling, M. Schilman, P. Schmidt, R. Schnabel, R. M. S. Schofield, E. Schreiber, D. Schuette, B. F. Schutz, J. Scott, S. M. Scott, D. Sellers, A. S. Sengupta, D. Sentenac, V. Sequino, A. Sergeev, D. A. Shaddock, S. Shah, M. S. Shahriar, M. Shaltev, Z. Shao, B. Shapiro, P. Shawhan, D. H. Shoemaker, T. L. Sidery, K. Siellez, X. Siemens, D. Sigg, D. Simakov, A. Singer, L. Singer, R. Singh, A. M. Sintes, B. J. J. Slagmolen, J. Slutsky, J. R. Smith, M. Smith, R. J. E. Smith, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, E. J. Son, B. Sorazu, T. Souradeep, A. Staley, J. Stebbins, M. Steinke, J. Steinlechner, S. Steinlechner, B. C. Stephens, S. Steplewski, S. P. Stevenson, R. Stone, D. J. Stops, K. A. Strain, N. Straniero, S. Strigin, R. Sturani, A. L. Stuver, T. Z. Summerscales, S. Susmithan, P. J. Sutton, B. L. Swinkels, M. Tacca, D. Talukder, D. B. Tanner, Jian Tao, S. P. Tarabrin, R. Taylor, G. Tellez, M. P. Thirugnanasambandam, M. Thomas, P. Thomas, K. A. Thorne, K. S. Thorne, E. Thrane, V. Tiwari, K. V. Tokmakov, C. Tomlinson, M. Tonelli, C. Torres, F. Travasso, G. Traylor, Miquel Trias, M. Tse, D. Tshilumba, H. Tuennermann, D. Ugolini, A. L. Urban, S. A. Usman, H. Vahlbruch, G. Vajente, G. Valdes, M. Vallisneri, J. F. J. van den Brand, Marc van der Sluys, J. V. van Heijningen, A. A. van Veggel, S. Vass, M. Vasúth, R. Vaulin, A. Vecchio, G. Vedovato, J. Veitch, K. Venkateswara, D. Verkindt, F. Vetrano, A. Viceré, R. Vincent-Finley, J.-Y. Vinet, S. Vitale, T. Vo, H. Vocca, C. Vorvick, W. D. Vousden, S. P. Vyachanin, A. R. Wade, L. E. Wade, M. Wade, M. Walker, L. Wallace, S. Walsh, M. Wang, X. Wang, R. L. Ward, M. Wąs, B. Weaver, L.‐W. Wei, M. Weinert, A. J. Weinstein, R. Weiss, T. Welborn, L. Wen, P. Weßels, Matthew J. West, T. Westphal, K. Wette, J. T. Whelan, David White, B. F. Whiting, K. Wiesner, C. Wilkinson, Kurtis A. Williams, L. Williams, R. Williams, T. D. Williams, A. R. Williamson, J. L. Willis, B. Willke, M. H. Wimmer, W. Winkler, C. C. Wipf, A. G. Wiseman, H. Wittel, G. Woan, N. Wolovick, J. Worden, Yuxuan Wu, J. Yablon, I. Yakushin, W. Yam, H. Yamamoto, C. C. Yancey, Huan Yang, S. Yoshida, M. Yvert, A. Zadrożny, M. Zanolin, J.‐P. Zendri, Fan Zhang, Liang Zhang, C. Zhao, H. Zhu, X. J. Zhu, M. E. Zucker, S. E. Zuraw, J. Zweizig
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D, Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicGamma-ray bursts and supernovae
Canadian institutionsCanadian Institute for Theoretical AstrophysicsPerimeter InstituteUniversity of Toronto
FundersMinistero dello Sviluppo EconomicoAustralian Research CouncilNational Research Foundation of KoreaMinisterio de Economía y CompetitividadCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueIndustry CanadaGovern de les Illes BalearsFundacja na rzecz Nauki PolskiejNational Science FoundationRoyal SocietyScottish Funding CouncilScottish Universities Physics AllianceIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareDavid and Lucile Packard FoundationLeverhulme TrustNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekCouncil of Scientific and Industrial Research, IndiaScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNational Research FoundationAlfred P. Sloan FoundationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration
KeywordsLIGOPhysicsGamma-ray burstGravitational waveSkyDetectorAstrophysicsFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeObservatoryAstronomyOptics
Abstract
In this paper we report on a search for short-duration gravitational wave bursts in the frequency range 64 Hz--1792 Hz associated with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), using data from GEO 600 and one of the LIGO or Virgo detectors. We introduce the method of a linear search grid to analyze GRB events with large sky localization uncertainties, for example the localizations provided by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). Coherent searches for gravitational waves (GWs) can be computationally intensive when the GRB sky position is not well localized, due to the corrections required for the difference in arrival time between detectors. Using a linear search grid we are able to reduce the computational cost of the analysis by a factor of $\mathcal{O}(10)$ for GBM events. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our analysis pipeline can improve upon the sky localization of GRBs detected by the GBM, if a high-frequency GW signal is observed in coincidence. We use the method of the linear grid in a search for GWs associated with 129 GRBs observed satellite-based gamma-ray experiments between 2006 and 2011. The GRBs in our sample had not been previously analyzed for GW counterparts. A fraction of our GRB events are analyzed using data from GEO 600 while the detector was using squeezed-light states to improve its sensitivity; this is the first search for GWs using data from a squeezed-light interferometric observatory. We find no evidence for GW signals, either with any individual GRB in this sample or with the population as a whole. For each GRB we place lower bounds on the distance to the progenitor, under an assumption of a fixed GW emission energy of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\mathrm{M}\ensuremath{\bigodot}{c}^{2}$, with a median exclusion distance of 0.8 Mpc for emission at 500 Hz and 0.3 Mpc at 1 kHz. The reduced computational cost associated with a linear search grid will enable rapid searches for GWs associated with Fermi GBM events once the advanced LIGO and Virgo detectors begin operation.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.003
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.006
Threshold uncertainty score0.014
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.029
GPT teacher head0.353
Teacher spread0.323 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations46
Published2014
Admission routes2
Has abstractyes