Hypoxic metabolic response of the golden-mantled ground squirrel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examined the magnitude of the hypoxic metabolic response in golden-mantled ground squirrels to determine whether the shift in thermoregulatory set point (T(set)) and subsequent fall in body temperature (T(b)) and metabolic rate observed in small mammals were greater in a species that routinely experiences hypoxic burrows and hibernates. We measured the effects of changing ambient temperature (T(a); 6--29 degrees C) on metabolism (O(2) consumption and CO(2) production), T(b), ventilation, and heart rate in normoxia and hypoxia (7% O(2)). The magnitude of the hypoxia-induced falls in T(b) and metabolism of the squirrels was larger than that of other rodents. Metabolic rate was not simply suppressed but was regulated to assist the initial fall in T(b) and then acted to slow this fall and stabilize T(b) at a new, lower level. When T(a) was reduced during 7% O(2), animals were able to maintain or elevate their metabolic rates, suggesting that O(2) was not limiting. The slope of the relationship between temperature-corrected O(2) consumption and T(a) extrapolated to a T(set) in hypoxia equals the actual T(b). The data suggest that T(set) was proportionately related to T(a) in hypoxia and that there was a shift from increasing ventilation to increasing O(2) extraction as the primary strategy employed to meet increasing metabolic demands under hypoxia. The animals were neither hypothermic nor hypometabolic, as T(b) and metabolic rate appeared to be tightly regulated at new but lower levels as a result of a coordinated hypoxic metabolic response.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".