Optical Quasi-Circulator Using Power Couplers and Optical Amplifiers
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new concept for an optical quasi-circulator operating in the 1550-nm band is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in this letter. The quasi-circulator consists of two power couplers, two optical amplifiers, and a pair of attenuators. The power splitters are connected back-to-back and have a high split ratio of 98 : 2. The amplifiers are used as directional devices to block reverse energy flow from Port 2 to Port 1 as well as from Port 3 to Port 2 in the quasi-circulator. The attenuators are used for overall system gain control. Measurements show an insertion loss close to 0 dB in the forward directions from Port 1 to Port 2 and from Port 2 to Port 3.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it