Ground water sensitivity to climate variability in the white Bandama basin, Ivory Coast
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dry periods in West Africa reflect the high rainfall variability characteristic of the region. Predicted climate change will likely exacerbate the situation with severe consequences on water availability. This paper analyses the groundwater sensitivity of the White Bandama Basin, in northern Ivory Coast, to rainfall and temperature variability. Statistical analysis based on the centered and reduced index, low-pass filter of Hanning and Pettit test, was used to characterize rainfall variability. Groundwater static level, recession coefficient of Maillet allowed the analysis of groundwater sensitivity. The result of the Pettitt test shows that between 1944 and 2000, a change in rainfall trend occurred in 1970. There was a decrease of 12% in rainfall in the 1970-2000 period compared to the 1944-1970 period. Monthly rainfall distribution also changed with rainfall concentrating more in September and October. There is also an increase in average annual maximum temperatures over the period 1972 to 2000 with peaks occurring on average every six year. Average minimum annual temperature also increased about 1degreesC since 1991. These conditions influence groundwater static level, which decreased about 5.44m from 1960 to 1996. Water volume mobilized by the aquifers varied from 0.076 km3 per year in 1983 to 0.98 km3 per year in 1985 and remained low until 1996. If the observed decrease in rainfall and increase in temperature continues, the basin may be subjected to climatic conditions similar to Sahelian conditions. It is thus necessary to address other factors that may affect groundwater resources.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it