The Potential of GIS Tools in Strategic Urban Planning Process; as an Approach for Sustainable Development in Egypt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During the last 20 years, geographic information systems (GIS) have emerged from the scientific laboratories into the heart of conventional planning practice. During this period, planners have been aggressive adopters and adapters, and strong advocates for local governments deploying GIS. This is true at least in part because GIS provides spatial analysis and manipulation capabilities that align closely with the professional needs of urban and regional planners. GIS technology is currently converging with several other technologies to provide new levels of accessibility and functionality. As GIS use becomes more widespread, planners make up less of the market. The aim of this paper is to study the potential of GIS applications in supporting strategic urban planning process for effective urban governance in sustainable urban development projects in Egypt, and developing the capacity and the empowerment of local administration tools, decision-making and good control for urban areas. As well, to interface the complex problems of urbanization, unplanned and negative impacts on the facilities and services and the environment in general in the cities of developing countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".