Stiffness degradation and shear strength of silty sands
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Soils behave nonlinearly from very early loading stages. When granular soils contain a certain amount of fines, the degree of nonlinearity also changes, as stiffness and strength characteristics vary with fines content. Hyperbolic stressstrain models and variations of these models are often used for description of the nonlinear behavior. A modified hyperbolic stressstrain relationship is used in this paper for representing the degradation of the elastic modulus of silty sands. The model is based on two modulus degradation parameters that determine the magnitude and rate of modulus degradation as a function of stress level. Realistic representation of soil behavior using this nonlinear relationship requires estimation of the degradation parameters as a function of silt content and relative density D R . A series of triaxial test results on sands containing different amounts of nonplastic silt were analyzed with this purpose. Relationships between the degradation parameters and cone penetration test (CPT) cone resistance q c are also proposed.Key words: hyperbolic model, silty sands, triaxial tests, modulus degradation, stressstrain response, shear strength, G max .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".