Changes in cytosine methylation and DNA sequence induced by ethylmethane sulfonate in rice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Although genetic mutagenicity of the chemical ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) is well established, it remains unclear whether and to what extent this compound is epigenetically mutagenic. This issue was studied in Oryza sativa L. (rice) by conducting a parallel investigation using two molecular markers, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP), on two sets of EMS-treated M0 plants: phenotypically normal and altered. Although more methylation than genetic changes were induced by the EMS-treatments in both sets of plants, the greatest differences were observed in the set of plants with altered phenotypes, suggesting a role of induced epigenetic variation in causing the phenotypic novelties. Moreover, the frequencies of the two types of instabilities induced by the EMS treatment, genetic and epigenetic, are correlated, implicating a common or overlapping mutagenic basis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".