The Meridional Flow of Source-Driven Abyssal Currents in a Stratified Basin with Topography. Part I: Model Development and Dynamical Properties
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The equatorward flow of source-driven grounded deep western boundary currents within a stratified basin with variable topography is examined. The model is the two-layer quasigeostrophic (QG) equations, describing the overlying ocean, coupled to the finite-amplitude planetary geostrophic (PG) equations, describing the abyssal layer, on a midlatitude β plane. The model retains subapproximations such as classical Stommel–Arons theory, the Nof abyssal dynamical balance, the so-called planetary shock wave balance (describing the finite-amplitude β-induced westward propagation of abyssal anomalies), and baroclinic instability. The abyssal height field can possess groundings. In the reduced gravity limit, a new nonlinear steady-state balance is identified that connects source-driven equatorward abyssal flow (as predicted by Stommel–Arons theory) and the inertial topographically steered deep flow described by Nof dynamics. This model is solved explicitly, and the meridional structure of the predicted grounded abyssal flow is described. In the fully baroclinic limit, a variational principle is established and is exploited to obtain general stability conditions for meridional abyssal flow over variable topography on a β plane. The baroclinic coupling of the PG abyssal layer with the QG overlying ocean eliminates the ultraviolet catastrophe known to occur in inviscid PG reduced gravity models. The baroclinic instability problem for a constant-velocity meridional abyssal current flowing over sloping topography with β present is solved and the stability characteristics are described.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".