Tenascin-C Levels, A Toll-like Receptor 4 Ligand, in Enthesitis-related Arthritis Category of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Monocytes of children with enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) show Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression. Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein and acts as an endogenous TLR4 ligand. Thus, we studied the serum and synovial fluid (SF) levels of TNC in children with ERA. METHODS: TNC was measured in the serum of 80 children with ERA satisfying the International League of Associations for Rheumatology criteria. Fifteen children were followed up while being treated with regular nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy and levels were reassessed at 3 months. Seventeen paired serum-SF samples and 25 healthy control serum samples were also analyzed. Disease activity was assessed by physician's global assessment (PGA), early morning stiffness (EMS), tender (TJC) and swollen joint counts (SJC), enthesitis score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). RESULTS: The mean serum TNC level in patients with active disease (67.1 ± 44.9 ng/ml) was significantly higher than in those with inactive disease (40.6 ± 36.7 ng/ml, p = 0.01) and healthy controls (21 ± 15.2 ng/ml, p < 0.001). Levels of TNC were higher in HLA-B27-positive (58.4 ng/ml) versus -negative disease (20.4 ng/ml, p = 0.01). TNC levels correlated moderately with disease activity: PGA r = 0.4, EMS r = 0.34, TJC r = 0.4, SJC r = 0.46, ESR r = 0.42, and CRP r = 0.32. In receiver-operation characteristic analysis for active versus inactive diseases, TNC [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.754] was equivalent to ESR (AUC = 0.787) and CRP (AUC = 0.789). Regular NSAID therapy led to a significant fall in serum TNC levels at 3 months (p = 0.0003). The SF TNC level was 17.39 ng/ml, significantly lower than the paired serum values (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: Serum TNC levels are significantly raised and correlate with various clinical and laboratory variables of disease activity in children with ERA. Regular NSAID therapy reduces the TNC levels, probably related to controlling disease activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".