Mechanisms of electrohydrodynamic flow boiling heat transfer in coaxial flow channels of dielectric refrigerant R-134a
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Experimental and numerical investigations have been conducted to study the mechanisms involved in dielectric refrigerant R-134a electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow boiling in a concentric horizontal flow channel. Numerical calculations of the electric field distribution in two-phase flow with different gas-liquid distributions and interfacial geometries in a concentric electrode arrangement are conducted by a finite element method. The experiments conducted are performed at inlet qualities from 0 to 20%, mass fluxes from 100 to 500 kg/m/sup 2/s, heat flux from 10 kW/m/sup 2/ to 20 kW/m/sup 2/ and applied voltage from 0 to 10 kV. It was found that the application of an electrohydrodynamic body force to an R-134a evaporator can result in a significant augmentation of heat transfer that may be partially explained by the numerically simulated electric field profiles near gas-liquid interfaces.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".