Inhibitory Effects of Brazilian Propolis on Tumor Promotion in Two-Stage Mouse Skin Carcinogenesis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Propolis is produced by honeybees and has many biological properties, including immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-cancer actions. Five ethanol extracts of Brazilian propolis were tested for inhibition of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in mice. The ethanol extract of Brazilian propolis AF-08 markedly inhibited TPA-induced inflammatory ear edema in mice. This extract suppressed tumor promotion by TPA following initiation with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in mouse skin. Moronic acid, a major component of Brazilian propolis AF-08, markedly inhibited two-stage carcinogenesis by DMBA plus TPA. These results suggest that Brazilian propolis AF-08 contributes to the prevention of cancer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".