The distribution of energy absorbed by a three-spoke steering wheel armature in an impact with a deformable chestform
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This research deals with experimental and finite element simulation of impacts occurring between a deformable chestform and an aluminium three-spoke steering wheel armature. Experimental testing was conducted to investigate the effect of impact location and armature orientation on the energy-absorbing capabilities of the automotive component. Numerical (finite element) models were developed to simulate the experimental process and to investigate further how the energy absorption abilities of the armature, and specific sections of the armature, vary with different impact situations. An excellent correlation between the experimental testing observations and numerical simulation results was observed for this highly non-linear problem. Most importantly, the finite element simulations have illustrated that the steering wheel armature hub and rim regions are the locations where most energy, because of plastic deformation in the structure, is absorbed. These observations provide an understanding of the characteristics of energy management in crash situations for the steering wheel armature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".