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Cláusula de la nación más favorecida en los CDI: herramienta para la potencial disminución de las retenciones del impuesto a la renta aplicables a Chile y Canadá

2013· article· en· W2172730757 on OpenAlex
Renée Antonieta Villagra Cayamana, Jorge Antonio Villagra Cayamana

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueRevistas PUCP (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú) · 2013
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEnvironmental Science
TopicFinance, Taxation, and Governance
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPolitical scienceHumanitiesPhilosophy

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Clusula de la nacin ms favorecida en los CDI: herramienta para la potencial disminucin de las retenciones del impuesto a la renta aplicables a Chile y CanadThe most-favoured-nation clause in tax treaties: tool for potential reduction of withholding income tax applicable to Chile and Canada ResumenLos convenios para evitar la doble imposicin (CDI) que suscribe un Estado tienen efecto en el futuro.Sin embargo, tambin pueden modificar los trminos de los convenios ya vigentes, en la medida que estos ltimos contengan clusulas de la nacin ms favorecida.En tal sentido, los contribuyentes y en particular el sector empresarial, as como la Administracin Tributaria, tienen que estar alertas respecto a las potenciales modificaciones de los trminos de los CDI vigentes en el Per.En particular, se debe tener en cuenta la tasa de retencin de regalas contenida en el CDI con Chile y las tasas de dividendos, intereses y regalas contenidas en el CDI con Canad, debido a que, para tales tipos de rentas, ambos convenios incluyen clusulas de la nacin ms favorecida.El Ministerio de Economa, como ente encargado de la negociacin de CDI bilaterales -en virtud del decreto ley 25883-tiene la responsabilidad de negociar futuros CDI.Ello debe realizarse con el conocimiento pleno de que los trminos por pactarse no solo repercutirn para el futuro, sino que pueden significar disminucin de tasas de retencin del impuesto a la renta respecto a CDI preexistentes ya vigentes, en funcin de las clusulas de la nacin ms favorecida.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: Not applicable
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.182
Threshold uncertainty score1.000

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0010.001
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.001
Scholarly communication0.0000.001
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.001
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0010.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.004
GPT teacher head0.217
Teacher spread0.213 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it