Frequency of Resistant Western White Pine Seedlings from Parents of Different Phenotypes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Seedlings from different western white pine (Pinus monticola) parent phenotypes were inoculated with blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) to determine how they compared to the British Columbia standard candidate phenotype (canker-free with all branches retained) in their ability to produce resistant seedlings. Comparisons were separated into two seed zones, coastal and interior, as well as pooled. The phenotypic categories were: (1) standard candidate, (2) standard candidate except lacking lower branches, (3) standard candidate except for bark reactions in the stem, (4) standard candidate except for stem bark reactions and closer than 100 m to a similar candidate (Texada phenotype), (5) standard candidate except for a tolerant reaction to a basal canker, (6) standard candidate except for a single canker high in the crown, (7) normally cankered trees, (8) USDA Forest Service selections for Dorena, OR, and (9) bulked forest run seedlots. Open-pollinated offspring from parents were inoculated each fall from 1987-1995, and infection spots were tallied the following spring. All seedling infection spot values were normalized to seedlings from a control tree, which were included in each inoculation. The progeny from bulk seedlots and the Texada phenotype were significantly more spotted than the other phenotypes. The least spotted families (top 1/6) were predominantly from the standard, cankered, and bark-reaction phenotypes. Resistance of individual seedlings was detected by annual inspection and recording slow-canker-growth responses up to 7 yr post-inoculation. None of the progeny from bulk seedlots or the control exhibited slow canker growth. There was no significant difference among the progeny of the other eight parental phenotypes in the incidence of slow-canker-growth resistance. Of these eight, only normally cankered candidates failed to have any families rank in the top one-sixth for the most slow-canker-growth resistance. However, since the sample size was small for normally cankered, high cankered, and tolerant phenotype, the results are considered preliminarily. Since we consider slow-canker-growth resistance to be most useful, we recommended that future selection programs for parents include relaxed rule bark reaction and no lower branch phenotypes. West. J. Appl. For. 16(4):149-152.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".