Effect of Barometric Pressure on Flight Initiation by <I>Trichogramma pretiosum</I> and <I>Trichogramma evanescens</I> (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effect of barometric pressure changes on flight initiation of female Trichogramma evanescens Riley and Trichogramma pretiosum Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was studied in a flight chamber over a 6-h period. Six different barometric pressure regimens were tested for their impact on flight initiation of both species: constant 975 and 1,025 mbar (stable regimens), and 50 mbar increase or decrease in pressure between 975 and 1,025 mbar either within 1 (rapid increase or decrease) or 6 h (slow increase or decrease). Both Trichogramma species did not respond to stable or slow changes in barometric pressure, but rapid barometric changes significantly reduced the flight initiation of females. The effect of rapid barometric pressure changes was almost immediate and independent of its direction, whether it was increasing or decreasing. The reduction in flight initiation was lifted rapidly when the barometric pressure became stable again, immediately for T. pretiosum and 1 h later for T. evanescens. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis of an adaptive response to rapidly changing climatic conditions and associated higher risks of mortality during flight for small insects like Trichogramma. The higher flight initiation observed for T. evanescens females also agrees with field results where they displayed higher dispersal capacity than T. pretiosum females under adverse climatic conditions. The effects of barometric pressure on parasitoid foraging behavior deserve more attention because this climatic variable may play a significant role in their population dynamics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".