Analytical absorption cross section for photon by helium 2<sup>3</sup>s metastable state
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We calculate the absorption cross section for photons by the helium 23s metastable state using the quantum–classical approximation for the total photo cross section of many-electron atoms. We note that for the 1s2s configuration of the helium 23S metastable state the photons can be absorbed by either a 1s or 2s electron. The absorption cross section of photons by the 1s and 2s electrons are predominant at high and low energies, respectively. The calculated absorption cross section for a 1s electron agrees perfectly with theoretical results. However, those of the 2s electron do not agree perfectly with experimental and theoretical results, because of the dip associated with the Cooper pair minimum at the zero crossing of the 2s hydrogenic spatial wave function. We have included in the analytical calculation, the second-order term of the Baker–Hausdorff expansion and observed a great reduction in the dip associated with the Cooper pair minimum, at low photon energy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".