Determination of deep trapping states of the hole blocking layer in multilayer amorphous selenium X-ray detectors using transient dark current analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The density of defect states near the valence band of the hole blocking layer (commonly called the n-layer) is determined by analyzing the transient dark current behavior of multilayer amorphous selenium (a-Se) X-ray image detectors. The previous transient dark current model (Mahmood et al. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 223506 (2008)) is modified and compared with recently published experimental transient dark currents on commercial n-i-p and cold deposited n-i a-Se detector structures to determine the energy distributed deep defect densities in these two types of n-layer. The peak defect state exists at 0.75 and 0.78 eV from the valence band mobility edge in alkaline doped and cold deposited n-layers, respectively. The peak trap density in these n-layers varies in the range of 5 × 1016 – 5 × 1017 cm−3eV−1. The energy depths of the trap centers should be ∼(0.75–0.8) eV from the valence band mobility edge for a requirement of less transient time to reach a plateau. The shallower trap levels are unable to retain sufficient trapped charge to reduce the dark current, and the deeper trap centers create longer transient times to reach a steady level of dark current.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".