Critical reaction forces of glulam members with tension-side notches at end supports
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tests were carried out on softwood structural glued-laminated-timber (glulam) members to calibrate a linear elastic fracture mechanics design method for bending members having tension-side end notches. Fifty-eight specimens with depths up to 646 mm represented 11 combinations of member size, notch depth, member geometry, loading arrangement, and glulam type. Specimens were loaded until they sustained significant damage at or near notch locations, but none of them failed as bending members. Notch damage started with creation of short stable cracks parallel to the laminations and ended with episodically crack growth. Typically, crack initiation is at about half the load level associated with episodic crack growth. Contrary to current design practice loads positioned close to notched end supports were found to influence strengths of members significantly, and their effects should be taken into account. The findings have been implemented in the 2014 edition of CAN/CSA Standard 086 “Engineering Design in Wood”.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".