Remote Sensing of Stratospheric Trace Gases by TELIS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
TELIS (TErahertz and submillimeter LImb Sounder) is a balloon-borne cryogenic heterodyne spectrometer with two far infrared and submillimeter channels (1.8 THz and 480--650 GHz developed by DLR and SRON, respectively). The instrument was designed to investigate atmospheric chemistry and dynamics with a focus on the stratosphere. TELIS participated in three scientific campaigns in Kiruna, Sweden between 2009 and 2011. The recent campaign took place in 2014 over Ontario, Canada. During previous campaigns, TELIS shared a balloon gondola with MIPAS-B and mini-DOAS. The primary scientific goal of these campaigns has been to monitor the time-dependent chemistry of chlorine and bromine, and to achieve the closure of chemical families inside the polar vortex. In this work, we present retrieved profiles of ozone (O3), hydrogen chlorine (HCl), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydroxyl radical (OH) obtained by the 1.8 THz channel from the polar winter flights during 2009--2011. Furthermore, the corresponding retrieval algorithm is described. The quality of the retrieval products is analyzed in a quantitative manner including: error characterization, internal comparisons of the two different channels, and external comparisons with coincident spaceborne observations. The errors due to the instrument parameters and pressure dominate in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, while the errors at higher altitudes are mainly due to the spectroscopic parameters and the radiometric calibration. The comparisons with other limb sounders help us to assess the measurement capabilities of TELIS, thereby establishing the instrument as a valuable tool to study the chemical interactions in the stratosphere.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".