Potato Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) Varietal Preferences in Edible Beans in Relation to Visual and Olfactory Cues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Migratory adult potato leafhoppers, Empoasca fabae (Harris), have shown a preference for particular cultivars of edible beans, Phaseolus vulgaris L. Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the role of visual and olfactory cues in these preferences. No preference for any particular cultivar of edible bean was detected in Y-tube olfactometer binary comparison tests: when selecting leaves on the basis of olfactory stimuli. Adult potato leafhoppers chose ‘Berna Dutch brown’ as frequently as ‘Stingray white’ bean and ‘EMP 419’. When adult potato leafhoppers selected leaflets of uniform shape and size from an aerial position in a Plexiglas chamber, ‘Berna Dutch brown’ was significantly preferred (54%) over ‘Stingray white bean’ (24%) and ‘EMP 419’ (22%). An external integrating sphere attached to a portable spectroradiometer was used to determine the wavelength reflectance of ‘Berna Dutch brown’, ‘Stingray white’, and ‘EMP 419’ bean leaflets. ‘Berna Dutch brown’ bean leaflets had higher percent reflectance readings in the green region of the spectrum and lower percent reflectance readings in the blue and yellow regions of the spectrum compared with ‘Stingray white’ and ‘EMP 419’. Although host-finding behavior may involve an interaction between visual and olfactory stimuli, the results of this study indicate that leaf color significantly influences host preference, whereas host odor does not.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".