Neural processing of novel sounds in the rat’s inferior colliculus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel sound is an occasionally occurring acoustic event in a constant/repetitive acoustic environment. Auditory neurons display sensitivity to a novel sound by reducing action potential discharges over repetitive acoustic stimulation and restoring discharges upon presence of a novel sound. We used the rat as an animal model and conducted in vivo neurophysiological recordings to examine how novel sounds are processed in the midbrain auditory structure, the inferior colliculus (IC). The IC receives convergent inputs from structures including those with neurons sensitive to novel sounds. These inputs have diverse sensitivities to temporal, spectral, and directional acoustic cues and produce excitatory/inhibitory synaptic events with different time courses in IC neurons. Integration among these inputs in IC neurons provides a likely physiological basis for processing the novelty of a sound and other dynamic acoustic characteristics. We used both closed- and free-field stimuli to examine responses to oddball paradigms. Our results indicate that neurons sensitive to novel sounds existed in the IC. These neurons typically have onset firing patterns; and their sensitivity to a novel sound is affected by the spatial relationship between the novel sound and a repetitive standard sound in the environment. [Research supported by NSERC of Canada.]
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".