Nucleation and growth of ultrathin BaTiO3 films on single terminated Nb:SrTiO3 (100) substrates for ferroelectric tunnel junctions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The authors report on a new table top radio frequency (RF)-magnetron sputtering unit and process for the sputter deposition of barium titanate thin films. Like silicon substrate in conventional electronics, strontium titanate (SrTiO3) is the substrate of choice in the emerging field of oxide electronics and hence Nb doped SrTiO3 n-type semiconducting substrates were considered. The authors observe substrate etching and nonstoichiometry in the film composition at high RF-power and low processing pressure, respectively. However, films deposited at 20 mTorr and 10 W of RF power resulted in stoichiometric BaTiO3. Layer by layer (two-dimensional) growth, prerequisite for epitaxial BaTiO3 on Nb:SrTiO3 (100) substrates, were realized at 600 °C. Hysteresis loops (phase angle versus applied voltage) in piezoresponse force microscopy confirm ferroelectricity of the films. Ultrathin epitaxial BaTiO3 on Nb:SrTiO3 (100) is of great interest as a ferroelectric tunnel junction with pronounced contrast between the ON/OFF tunnel resistance.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".