Distribution Patterns of Migrant and Resident Birds in Successional Forests of the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico<sup>1</sup>
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Increasing human activity in the Yucatan peninsula has led to declines in older stages of successional forest, threatening regional habitat diversity. To determine potential effects of this habitat loss on the region's avifauna, we examined the relative use of different forest stages by resident and migrant birds during the nonbreeding season. We used the fixed‐width transect method to compare the distribution, abundance, and diversity of forest birds in early (five to ten years old), mid (15–25 years), and late (<50 years) successional forests in the state of Campeche, Mexico, in the south‐central part of the peninsula. All stages of successional forest had highly similar bird assemblages and did not differ in bird abundance or diversity. Both migrant and resident birds occurred across the successional gradient. The majority of habitat specialists, however, were resident birds restricted to late‐successional forest, indicating that early secondary growth may not be suitable for all species. Furthermore, resident birds that typically participate in mixed‐species flocks attained their greatest densities in the oldest forest habitat. Rapid recovery of pre‐disturbance physiognomic features, in addition to high levels of habitat connectivity in the region, may contribute to similar bird communities across a range of successional stages. The high degree of edge characterizing much of the forest mosaic also may allow birds access to different serai stages. Loss of late‐successional forest, however, is likely to adversely affect the subset of resident avifauna that depends on unique features of mature habitat such as snags, large trees, and climatic buffering. Conservation efforts in Campeche should focus on the specialized requirements of the most habitat‐restricted species while preserving the current landscape mosaic characteristic of the small‐scale shifting cultivation system. RESUMES El aumento de la actividad humana en el uso del suelo en la Peninsula de Yucatán, ha resultado en la disminución de la regeneración de la selva a etapas más maduras de sucesión, amenazando la diversidad regional de habitats. Para determinar los efectos de esta pérdida sobre la avifauna de la región, estudiamos el uso de diferentes etapas de sucesión de la selva por aves residentes y migratorias durante la temporada no reproductiva. Usamos el método de transecto linear de anchura fija para comparar la distributión, abundancia y diversidad de aves en vegetaclón sucesional (acahuales) de diferentes edades, incluyendo acahual joven (cinco a diez años de edad), acahual de edad media (15‐25 afios) y selva (>50 afios) en el sur del estado de Campeche, Mexico. Diferentes etapas de sucesión de la selva tuvieron composition de aves muy similares y no variaron en la abundancia y la diversidad. Tanto las especies migrantes como residentes, estuvieron presentes a travél del gradiente sucesional. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los especialistas fueron aves residentes restingidas a etapas más viejas de sucesión de selva, indicando que la vegetatión sucesional temprana no es favorable para todas las especies. En adicion, las aves residentes que tipicamente participan en bandadas mixtas tuvieron sus densidades más altas en la selva de mayor edad de sucesión. La rápida recuperatión de la selva a sus caracteristicas de estado primario, en adición al alto grado de conectividad de habitat en la región, puede permitir a muchas especies nativas encontrarse en diferentes etapas de vegetatión sucesional. El alto grado de efecto de borde que caracteriza la mayor pane del mosaico de bosque tambíen puede permitir a las aves el acceso a los diferentes tipos de vegetación sucesional. Sin embargo, la pérdida de selva en etapa más madura de sucesión, probablemente rendrá un efecto más adverso sobre el grupo de aves residentes que depende de características únicas de selva madura, tales como árboles secos, árboles grandes y amortiguamiento climático. Los esfuerzos de conservatión deberían enfocarse sobre las especies sensibles con requerimientos especializados de hábitat, preservando selva nativa a la vez que las características actuates de mosaico del paisaje, manteniendo las actividades de roza‐tumba y quema a pequena escala.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it