In-Host Compatibility and In-Host Competition of Exotic and Native Parasitoids of the Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae)
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
European parasitoids considered for introduction to control the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), in North America have no previous association with the target pest. In Europe, they attack primarily Lygus rugulipennis Poppius and L. pratensis (L.). Compatibility of these parasitoids and their hosts in a “new-association,” the specificity of such biocontrol agents, and the potential competition with native parasitoids are important considerations for use of European species in biological control programs against L. lineolaris. In-host compatibility and competitiveness of the exotic multivoltine parasitoids Peristenus stygicus Loan and P. digoneutis Loan with the native parasitoids Leiophron lygivorus (Loan) (multivoltine), P. pallipes (Curtis) and P. pseudopallipes (Loan) (both univoltine) were assessed. Dissection of hosts indicated that >92% of the parasitoid attacks on L. lineolaris nymphs resulted in oviposition and development of the larvae for the five species studied. In suitability tests, 84% of P. stygicus adult wasps emerged from parasitized tarnished plant bugs, compared with 67 and 69% for P. digoneutis and L. lygivorus, respectively. No emergence was recorded for P. pallipes, and only 2.9% of adult P. pseudopallipes emerged. P. digoneutis was superior in the in-host competition with P. stygicus and L. lygivorus. Peristenus stygicus was dominant in the in-host competition with the three North American parasitoids. The size of the dominant larva inside the host for P. stygicus 7 d after oviposition decreased as the number of larvae increased.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it