Movements of wintering American marten (<i>Martes americana</i>): relative influences of prey activity and forest stand age
Bibliographic record
Abstract
American marten (Martes americana (Turton, 1806)) was traditionally associated with old-growth forests, but recent evidence suggests that they are frequently found in younger forests as well. To better understand habitat requirements by this economically important furbearer, we investigated its fine-scale movement behavior in relation to local prey activity (tracks) and stand age. We georeferenced 34 marten tracks (57 km), associated prey tracks, and subnivean forays in a balsam fir forest of southern Québec, Canada. Marten movements were more tortuous in the presence of high numbers of prey tracks and near subnivean foraging sites. The latter relationships were stronger at a fine spatial scale (10 m movement steps) than at coarser scales (20 or 40 m movement steps). Marten movement tortuosity was unrelated to forest stand age after accounting for prey activity. These results support the hypothesis that the American marten does not hunt mainly in old-growth forests but appears to concentrate its foraging behaviour in areas with high prey activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".