Vivienne Poy. Passage to Promise Land: Voices of Chinese Immigrant Women to Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vivienne Poy. Passage to Promise Land: Voices of Chinese Immigrant Women to Canada. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 2013. xxiv, 262 pp. Illustrations. Bibliography. Index. $39.95 cloth. Vivienne Poy is exceptionally well-qualified to interview women who emigrated from China or Hong Kong to Canada between 1950 and 1989 and to analyse her findings. Poy came from Hong Kong to Canada in 1959 as a student, is fluent in Cantonese, and has established strong political connections. She served in the Senate and her sister-in-law was Governor-General. After a career in business, she undertook formal studies in History and earned a doctorate for the thesis on which the book is based. This is really two studies in one: a study of female Chinese immigrants and another of Canadian immigration policies. Interspersed among lengthy extracts from the interviews, Poy sketches both the economic, social, political, and cultural aspects of Chinese history that impelled these women to leave and the Canadian immigration policy and practice that long denied them entry but later welcomed them. A minor theme is the discretionary power of Canadian immigration officials in deciding on admissions. The twenty-eight interviews are the unique contribution of this volume. Future scholars must thank Poy for collecting them in 2000 and 2003 and following up on some in 2010. One hopes that the full transcripts will find their way into an archives as they supplement the stories in Jin Guo: Voices of Chinese Canadian Women, a 1992 publication of the Toronto-based Women's Book Committee of the Chinese Canadian National Council, a book which curiously is not in Poy's bibliography. The interviews, which follow a lifestyle format, were conducted in Victoria, Toronto and Ottawa. The interviewees were randomly chosen but, apart from thanking Paul Chan, a former president of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association, for helping to arrange the interviews in Victoria and for acting as interpreter for Szeyup speakers, she does not indicate how the randomness was carried out. The interviewees range from women who came in the early 1950s after revised immigration laws permitted family reunification to the women who came from Hong Kong after Canada began judging potential immigrants by their skills rather than their place of origin. The interviews exclude Mandarin speakers because of their relatively recent arrival and their life experiences which differ from those of the earlier immigrants. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".