Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Wave friction factors are estimated from vertical profiles of near-bed turbulence and horizontal velocity spanning the wave bottom boundary layer. Measured values are partitioned by bed state, which ranged from irregular ripples to flat bed, and are examined as a function of two traditionally selected parameters—physical bed roughness and outer flow Reynolds number. The measurements are from two field experiments in very different nearshore environments: a relatively protected unbarred pocket beach and a linear barred beach exposed to the open shelf (Duck). Measured wave friction factors are remarkably similar for the two beaches and are highest for low-energy rippled beds and lowest for the high-energy flat bed conditions. The reduction in the friction factor for high-energy conditions corresponds to a decrease in the physical roughness of the bed as wave energy increases. As a function of relative roughness, measured friction factors are generally consistent with previous laboratory results and theoretical results for the high-energy cases, but the predicted values for the low-energy rippled beds show some significant differences. A new expression is derived for the bed roughness and is found to have a stronger dependence on ripple steepness than previously suggested laboratory-based relationships. Estimated friction factors exhibit a power-law dependence on Reynolds number and occupy a narrow band within the rough turbulent and transition regions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it