A 19-dBm, 15-Gbaud, 9-bit SOI CMOS power-DAC cell for high-order QAM W-band transmitters
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A mm-wave IQ power-DAC is reported at W-band. The circuit, which is fabricated in a 45-nm SOI CMOS technology, employs a novel series-stacked Gilbert-cell output stage with gate finger segmentation to directly modulate an 80-95 GHz carrier in amplitude and phase with 8 bits of resolution. Each bit can be switched up to at least 15 Gb/s for an aggregate data rate of 120 Gb/s. A 9-th bit turns the DAC cell on and off at 15 Gb/s, as needed to create an arbitrary 15-Gbaud QAM constellation in a 1-W, 16-cell arrayed I-Q DAC transmitter with free-space power combining and 4-bit antenna-level segmentation. The measured gain, output power, and PAE of each DAC cell are 36 dB, 19 dBm, and 8.9%, respectively. The 8 bits of resolution in each DAC cell are necessary for spectral shaping, pre-distortion, as well as to combat non-idealities in the target 64-QAM digital transmitter.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it