Bibliographic record
Abstract
Successive episodes of affective illness often show an accelerating frequency of recurrence. Two very different preclinical models (behavioral sensitization to psychomotor stimulants and electrophysiological kindling) may be used as indirect analogies or non-homologous models for conceptualizing mechanisms underlying the progressive and evolving aspects of manic-depressive illness. These models focus on phenomena involved in the longitudinal course of illness and on novel treatment implications. Literature is reviewed on the acute and long-term effectiveness of the anti-convulsant carbamazepine, particularly in treatment of lithium-refractory bipolar illness. Potential mechanisms of carbamazepine's acute anticonvulsant and antinociceptive and delayed psychotropic actions are discussed. alpha-2 adrenergic and peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors, and stabilization of type-2 sodium channels are likely involved in the anticonvulsant effects of carbamazepine. GABAB mechanisms are thought to be related to the antinociceptive but not anticonvulsant or psychotropic effects of carbamazepine. A large number of neurotransmitters remain candidates for the psychotropic effects and a novel animal model requiring chronic administration of carbamazepine in order to show efficacy is reported (Weiss et al., 1989). It is hoped that further understanding of the mechanism of action of the anti-convulsant agents in comparison and contrast with traditional psychotropic agents will help in generating new treatments and in uncovering the basic defects of manic-depressive illness.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".