Yellow Rail Distribution and Numbers in Southern James Bay, Québec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We surveyed Yellow Rails (Coturnicops noveboracensis) in three marshes located in southeastern James Bay, Canada, in order to document the status and distribution of this species at risk. Night-surveys of calling males were made along 75 km of line transect on 21-25 July 2002, and 186 individual Yellow Rails were recorded: 80 in Cabbage Willows Bay, 77 in Boatswain Bay, and 29 in Hall Cove. Daytime surveys yielded 19 additional calling males, giving a total of 205 male rails. Transects were distributed in plant communities dominated by Slimstem Reedgrass (Calamagrostis stricta), Chaffy Sedge (Carex paleacea), Buckbean (Menyanthes trifoliata), or by Red Fescue (Festuca rubra). There was an overall density of 0.05 calling rails per ha with maximum densities in Boatswain Bay (0.08 male/ha) and Hall Cove (0.06 males/ha). Densities calculated for specific plant communities permitted an estimate of 397 male Yellow Rail inhabiting the marshes: 216 in Boatswain Bay, 132 in Cabbage Willows Bay, and 49 in Hall Cove. The highest densities were in Chaffy Sedge stands, Slimstem Reedgrass stands, and fens dominated by Buckbean. This study indicates that the Yellow Rail is a common bird in coastal high-marshes of the southeastern James Bay, and revealed the highest densities ever reported for the species. The extensive estuarine tidal marshes found in southern James Bay may be home of a thousand or more adult male Yellow Rails and thus represents a key area for this species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".