Bibliographic record
Abstract
In 5 autumns and 1 summer during a 13-year study of Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) in southern Alberta, Canada, carcasses of 27 ground squirrels were scatter hoarded by badgers (Taxidea taxus). Cached ground squirrels, which rarely exhibited external signs of trauma, were hoarded singly either above ground (n = 16) or underground (n = 11) in a curled head-to-tail posture in a pocket of firm soil and then covered with loose soil. Except for 3 carcasses cached by a mother badger in June, remaining ground squirrels were cached between 7 September and 28 November, with most hoarding (n = 17) occurring from 16 October to 17 November. Of 24 ground squirrels cached in autumn, 23 were in hibernation at the time of capture. Badgers retrieved the majority (14 of 18 available) of carcasses, with the latest retrieval occurring on 9 December. Carcasses were retrieved, in the order they were cached, 1 to 55 days (X̄ = 14 days) after caching. Cache storage, cache retrieval, and consumption of freshly caught prey were prevalent in autumn, often occurring on the same night, indicating that caching contributed to fattening in autumn rather than as a food reserve to be used by badgers during winter.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".