Nonlinear behaviour of reinforced concrete conical tanks under hydrostatic pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Among the different shapes available, conical vessels are commonly used as water reservoirs because of their large storage capacities. Motivated by the lack of guidelines available for their analysis and design in the existing codes of practice, this study focuses on analyzing reinforced concrete conical tanks under the effect of hydrostatic pressure. A finite element model (FEM), which accounts for material nonlinearity experienced in reinforced concrete, is developed. This nonlinearity is considered by implementing a concrete plasticity constitutive model in the developed FEM. Analysis of a set of 12 tanks with different practical dimensions is performed under hydrostatic water pressure. The variations of meridional and hoop stresses through the thickness of the tanks are determined by plotting the stresses at the outer faces of the tank’s wall. The effect of including material nonlinearity in the FEM on the deformed shape is assessed. The developed FEM is used to find the location of maximum deflection and stresses. The variations in the maximum deflection and stresses with the dimensional parameters of the conical vessel are reported.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".