Effect of several Chinese natural health products of human cytochrome P450 metabolism.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) are believed by many to be safe and used for self-medication without supervision. Although the risk appears to be low, certain TCM have been associated with a number of serious adverse reactions. A preliminary study was undertaken with 12 products using a human cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isozyme assay to determine if these products could affect human drug metabolism. METHODS: Aliquots of samples were analyzed directly or as extracts for their potential to affect CYP450 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, and 3A4 mediated-metabolism of marker substrates using an in vitro fluorometric microtiter plate assay. RESULTS: One product was found to be a Chinese Proprietary Medicine (CPM). Most aqueous extracts inhibited CYP450 mediated-metabolism of at least 3 isozymes (ranging from 25-100%). All liquid samples markedly inhibited the metabolism of all 4 isozymes. De le ke chuan kang and Rensheng dao were the strongest CYP450 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS: Our in vitro findings demonstrate that TCM can inhibit CYP450 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4 mediated-metabolism. TCM need to be examined further under clinical settings to determine if potential interactions will occur that affect the safety and efficacy of conventional therapeutic products.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".