Determination of aluminum ion at ng mL -1 level in natural water using trimethoxyphenylfl uorone by light-absorption ratio varia- tion approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The complexation between trimethoxyphenylfl uorone (TMPF) and Al 3+ is sensitive at pH 10.98 in the presence of both cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and acetone. CTAB was used as a sensitizer to bind TMPF and acetone as a stabilizer to inhibit the oxidation of the TMPF-Al complex. The masking reagent, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is helpful to improve the selectivity of the complexation. The spectral correction technique was applied to characterize the Al-TMPF complex and the formation of Al (TMPF) 2 complex. The light-absorption ratio variation approach (LARVA) is used for quantitative detection of Al 3+ using complexation in a range from of 2 to 50 ng mL -1 of Al 3+ . The lightabsorption ratio difference in this range is linear. The limit of detection (3σ) of Al 3+ by the LARVA is only 2 ng mL -1 . Trace amounts of Al 3+ in natural water has been determined with satisfactory results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".