Personality, performance, and the effects of stress on checkered pufferfish (Sphoeroides testudineus)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Few studies focus on the mechanisms that regulate consistent individual-level differences in behaviour (i.e., personality) in wild animals, despite their potential evolutionary and ecological implications.I examined whether wild checkered pufferfish (Sphoeroides testudineus) have consistent individual-level differences in locomotor activity, threatresponse behaviour, swimming ability, and puffing performance.I also evaluated the relationships between these personality and performance traits.Personality and performance were compared to movements in the field.In addition, I tested whether a treatment of the stress hormone cortisol would alter personality and performance.Pufferfish exhibited personalities but these were not associated with performance or recapture in the field.Performance was consistent between the lab and the natural enclosure but activity was not.The cortisol treatment did not modify personality or performance, which suggests that these traits do not represent a stress-coping syndrome.I conclude by recommending future directions for research on stress and personality in wild animals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".