Bibliographic record
Abstract
PRECIS Dans sa critique de l’article de Davis E.A. Giles et Lindsay M. Tedds, Ta xes and the Canadian Underground Economy (2002), Trevor Breusch souleve deux points majeurs au sujet du processus particulier d’estimation utilise dans cet ouvrage qui a pour resultat de rendre les conclusions sur l’importance et la forme de l’economie souterraine sans effet. Dans leur reponse a la critique de Breusch, les auteurs font remarquer que ces resultats ne signifient pas que la methode statistique generale utilisee dans l’ouvrage est discreditee ni que l’ouvrage lui-meme n’a aucune valeur : la majeure partie de celui-ci n’est pas visee par la critique.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.035 | 0.183 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.024 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.013 |
| Open science | 0.010 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.070 | 0.054 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.012 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".