A post occupancy evaluation framework for LEED certified U.S. higher education residence halls
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Numerous higher education (HE) institutions in the United States have created sustainability agendas, including construction of certified sustainable buildings. More than 200 US HE institutions have at least one Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certified building on their campus. In order to assess if sustainable residence buildings are performing as expected, a post occupancy evaluation (POE) framework of indicators was developed and implemented. POE indicators were chosen through a review of sustainability rating systems, literature review, and surveys. The selected indicators address a range of parameters using quantitative and qualitative data collection methods via investigative and diagnostic techniques. The dataset includes temperature and relative humidity measurements, water and energy consumption, feedback from facility manager departments and almost 600 occupants. The findings highlight large variations in terms of energy and water consumption, and poor indoor air quality; moreover, LEED residence halls have also shown to be less sustainable over time. The findings also indicate the LEED rating system may generate skewed savings expectations, as occupant behaviours and feedback are poorly considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.093 | 0.076 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".