Direct and indirect evidence for free oxygen (O <sup>2−</sup> ) in MO-silicate glasses and melts (M = Mg, Ca, Pb)
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Oxygen 1s XPS spectra of a Pb-silicate glass containing 76.6 mol% PbO provide the first accurate, direct measurement of free oxide ion (O2-) in these glasses. O2- constitutes 35 (±3) mol% of total oxygen, with NBO and BO constituting, respectively, 52 (±3) and 13 (±3) mol%. All 29Si NMR and O 1s XPS results for Pb-silicate glasses indicate mol% levels of O2- containing more than ~30 mol% PbO. The O2- abundances are consistent with equilibrium thermodynamic considerations where K ~ 12 for the mass action equation involving NBO, BO, and O2-.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it