Comparison of rural and urban users and non-users of home care in Canada.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Geography is considered a determinant of health because people living in rural and remote areas, compared with those in urban areas, have poorer health status and more difficulty accessing health care. PURPOSE: To examine the characteristics associated with the use of publicly funded home care services among rural and urban Canadians 18 years of age and over. METHODS: The Andersen and Newman Behavioural Model of Health Services Use guided the selection of variables, analyses and interpretation of the findings. Descriptive, correlation and multiple logistic regression analyses were completed on 2 cross-sectional cycles of Statistics Canada's National Population Health Surveys. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This research revealed that rural residents are increasingly less likely to receive personal care assistance, and rural home care users appear to have more resources (e.g., higher levels of education, sense of coherence) that likely influence their ability to access and receive home care services, than their urban counterparts. Rural residents without these resources may be less likely to receive home care services.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".