The international legal personality of the multinational enterprise and the governance gap problem
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis examines the concept of legal personality in public international law, noting in particular its definition, importance in legal theory and emergence within the legal system. Examining the rights of investors in current international investment law, as well as the duties of private persons which stem from customary international law, the thesis argues that multinational enterprises (MNEs) meet the definition of legal persons under public international law since they are entities granted direct international law rights and duties within this legal system. The thesis concludes with a brief profile of the governance gap in MNE legal accountability under domestic and international legal systems, a gap which results from the incongruity between the international scope of MNE operations and the largely national scope of regulatory apparatuses. The thesis presents several ways in which the legal personality of MNEs under public international law may contribute to the amelioration of the governance gap.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".