A Retrospective Study on Canine Hip Dysplasia in Different Breeds in Egypt
Bibliographic record
Abstract
3 Abstract: The aim of the present work was to study the incidence of the canine hip dysplasia (CHD)among different breeds of dogs in Egypt to see how we are far away from the CHD problem. A retrospective study based on the database of the 2013 archive at the Referral Veterinary Hospital in Egypt was carried out to determine the incidence of canine hip dysplasia in Egypt. A total of 8956 dogs were admitted to the hospital during this year. Dogs with suspected CHD were subjected to complete case history and thorough clinical examination. Final diagnosis of CHD based upon hip radiography and color Doppler ultrasonography.Out of 8956 dogs, 2058 animals had CHD representing 22.9% of the total examined dogs. Gait abnormalities, difficulty in rising, climbing stairs or in jumping over obstacles were the reported clinical signs of CHD. The incidence of CHD among different examined dogs, breeds was 36.14%, 32.68%, 30.78%, 27.28%, 27.23%, 23.99%, 22.64%, 17.1%, 13.33%, 12.5%, 11.62%, 7.31%, 7.21%, 5.52%, 5.51%, 5.35%, 3.4%, 3.3%, 2.59%, 1.44%, 1.17%, 1.14%, 1.05%, 0.74%, 0.64% and 0% in German shepherd, Saint Bernard, Rottweiler, Golden retriever, Labrador retriever, Caucasian Shepherd, Siberian husky, Cane corso, Bulldog, Akita, Dogo argentine, Kangal Maltese, Griffon, Pekinese, Old English mastiff, American pit-bull, Pointer, Bull mastiff, Dalmatian, York shire, Boxer, Doberman, Great Dane, Cocker spaniel, Egyptian pharaoh hound, French mastiff, Ridge back and the Mixed breed, respectively.The incidence of CHD was 31.79%, 19.29%, 5.59% and 4.29% in large-sized breeds, giant size breeds, medium-sized breeds and small-sized breeds.The obtained results should be encourage the dog owners, breeders and the Egyptian Kennel Clubs to start and continue the implementation of the selection program of purebred dog breeds free from hip dysplasia on the basis of radiological hips examination, in order to further decrease this high incidence of CHD in Egypt.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".