Field Pull-Out Tests On Scrap Tire Arrangements
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Reinforcement elements have been increasingly used in Geotechnical Engineering practice. The use of scrap tires as a reinforcement element is an attractive solution that combines the advantage of improving soil mechanical behavior, with environmental concerns. Scrap tires are globally produced in increasingly large amounts, resulting in an urban solid waste, which requires a specific disposal policy. The reinforcement system with scrap tires is made of a layer of tires filled with soil and tied together with ropes. Compared to metal strips or geotextile sheets reinforcement techniques, this system provides a better adherence between the reinforcement and the soil. This paper presents the results of pull-out tests, performed with several arrangements of scrap tires, subjected to confining levels varying from 0,5 to 1.5 meters of soil surcharge. Most of the tests made use of tires with one sidewall removed. Considering the magnitude of the required loads, a permanent steel structure with a pull-out capacity to 500kN was constructed for the present testing program. The pull-out tests were performed with different geometric arrangements, which varied from a single scrap tire to a maximum of 18 tires.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it