Cyclic tests on high-quality undisturbed block samples of soft marine Norwegian clay
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The results of a study with undrained cyclic triaxial and direct simple shear (DSS) tests on high-quality undisturbed samples obtained from large blocks of a soft marine Norwegian clay are presented. Several tests with different average shear stresses, shear stress amplitudes, loading frequencies, and sample geometries have been performed on block samples taken from different depths. In tests with small average shear stresses, failure occurred due to large shear strain amplitudes, while large permanent shear strains were observed in tests with higher average shear stresses. Diagrams quantifying the undrained cyclic strength, permanent shear strain, shear strain amplitude, and permanent pore-water pressure dependent on average shear stress, shear stress amplitude, and number of cycles have been developed based on the test results. The undrained cyclic strength was found strongly dependent on loading frequency. Block samples from shallower depth showed a somewhat higher undrained cyclic strength. No influence of the height-to-diameter ratio of the samples (h/d = 1 and 2 were compared) could be found. A qualitative comparison of the test results with data for standard tube samples is provided.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".