Seasonal occurrence of blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) vocalizations in the Gully Marine Protected Area
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Scotian Slope off the coast of Nova Scotia is home to the largest submarine canyon off eastern Canada, known as the Gully. Designated as a Marine Protected Area (MPA) since 2004, the Gully is considered to be an important marine habitat frequented by a variety of cetacean species. Previous studies have confirmed the presence of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) in the Gully during late summer months; however, their occurrence in the canyon during other times of year remains unknown. This study investigated the vocal presence of blue whales using acoustic recordings collected with bottom-mounted pop-up hydrophones placed at the mouth of the Gully during summer 2006 and winter 2006 and 2007. A ten-minute recording was collected from each hour throughout each deployment period. An automated blue whale call detector was run through the recordings and all recordings containing blue whale detections were visually and aurally examined. Verified blue whale calls were found on 17% of the summer recordings and 4% of winter recordings. This indicates that at least some individuals occur in the Gully area during winter months. Continuing protection of the Gully MPA is critical for cetacean conservation as the area hosts multiple endangered species, including blue whales, throughout the year.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".