BIOMECHANICAL PERFORMANCES OF CLOSED-CELL POLYURETHANE TIRE AND TRADITIONAL PNEUMATIC BICYCLING TIRE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The comparison of pedaling forces of closed-cell polyurethane and traditional pneumatic bicycle road tires on a training-roller was investigated. Four amateur cyclists and one former professional cyclist who attend the University of Ottawa were tested. The force required to pedal with the two types of tire was recorded with in-shoe plantar pressure/force measurement. It was determined that the difference in total force between the pneumatic and the closed-cell polyurethane tires was not found statistically significant (p > 0.05) for both conditions of 10-second sprints and 20-minute endurance trials. However, the average percentage differences of the total force for sprint and endurance were 2.8% and 0.4% respectively. This displays that under these conditions the closed cell polyurethane tire did not provide a significant difference in performance when compared to pneumatic tire.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".