Contactless Test Access Mechanism for TSV-Based 3-D ICs Utilizing Capacitive Coupling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Through silicon via (TSV) is considered an enabling technology for 3-D integrated circuit (IC) integration. Testing 3-D ICs with multiple stacked dies is a challenging task. Probing a TSV for the purpose of testing with conventional wafer probes can undermine its physical integrity. In this paper, a contactless TSV probing method using capacitive coupling is presented. The proposed solution eliminates the risks of direct TSV probing and supports the high-density and fine-pitch requirements for TSV probing. 3-D full-wave simulations indicate that a strong electric field is formed between the probe and the TSV when the distance between them falls below 5 μm. The measurement results on a prototype fabricated with CMOS 65-nm technology show that the proposed TSV probing scheme presents a -55-dB insertion loss at 1-GHz frequency. The probe can be used up to a data rate of 5 Gbits/s while maintaining higher than 35-dB signal-to-noise ratio.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".