Owner-Manager Attitudes to Family and Business Issues: A 16 Country Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports the results of a 16-country study into that attitudes of owner managers to both business and family decisions. Three clusters of attitudes emerged – those who wished their involve the family (Family In), those who wished to strike a balance (Family-Business Jugglers), and those who wished to exclude the family (Family Out). Those who considered the business to be a family business were more likely to be in the first two clusters. This research highlights the need to examine this perspective and to explore further how it may vary across countries.The study has been made in collaboration with: Prof. H. Cregns and Prof. D. De Schoolmoester, De Vlerick University, Belgium; N. Siller, Research Dimensions, Canada; Dr. L. Heddaa, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark; Prof. A. Miettinen, University of Tampere, Finland; Prof. H. Klandt, European Business School, Germany; Prof. G.Venieris, Athens University of Economics and Business, Greece; C. Goodman, Irish Management Institute, Eire; Prof. S. Cipollina, CUOA University, Italy; Prof. Matsuura, Tama University, Japan; Dr. F. Guttman, Erasmus University, The Netherlands; Prof. J. Dziechciarz, Academy of Economics, Poland; Prof. K.C.Suarez, University of Los Palmos, Spain; Prof. L. Lindmark, Prof. L. Melin, and H. Hall, Jonkoping University, Sweden; Prof. H. Pleitner and M. Habersaat, St Gallen University, Switzerland; Dr. S. Spinelli, Babson College, USA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".