« Les bois engendrent les frimas et les gelées » : comprendre le climat en Nouvelle-France1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cet article juxtapose les reconstructions récentes de l’histoire du climat avec les interprétations de l’époque de la Nouvelle-France. Des auteurs coloniaux ont essayé d’expliquer les hivers beaucoup plus froids que dans la mère patrie. À l’époque des Petits Âges glaciaires, ces auteurs se servent des différences environnementales pour comprendre le climat colonial. Les grandes forêts expliqueraient la longueur et la sévérité hivernales, et les auteurs prédisent que le défrichement des terres allait rapprocher colonie et mère patrie du point de vue du climat. Le réchauffement au cours du XVIIIe siècle a convaincu certains que l’activité humaine avait amélioré le climat.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".