P1.8 DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINATION OF PULMONARY ARTERY PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN HORSES
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Calcification of the tunica media of the main pulmonary arteries has been observed in a large proportion of young racehorses. In humans, medial calcification is the most important cause of increased arterial stiffness, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of microvascular diseases. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a marker of arterial stiffness. This study aimed to develop a technique for determination of pulse wave velocity of the main pulmonary arteries of horses. Six healthy adult horses were sedated, and continuously monitored with electrocardiography during the procedure. The pulmonary artery (PA) trunk was cannulated via right heart catheterization, with a catheter introducer sheath (9Fr x 100cm). Introducer placement was guided with echocardiography. A custom-made dual pressure sensor catheter (PSC) (7Fr x 170cm) was inserted through the introducer sheath, and into one of the main branches of the PA. The position of the PSC in one of the main branches of the PA was confirmed with thoracic radiography and pressure measurements were recorded. The time delay of the pulse waves between the two sensors was used to calculate PWV. The PSC placement was successfully achieved in all horses (6/6), without significant complications, aside from transient arrhythmias. The catheter was more commonly located on the left PA (5/6). The mean (±SD) PWV was 3.0±1.3m/s. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a technique to determine PA-PWV in standing horses. The technique developed may allow further investigation of the effect of calcification of large pulmonary arteries in the development of microvascular disorders in horses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".